DIABETES AND CARDIOLOGY - Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a metabolic disease which is caused due to the increase of sugar levels in the blood. To control the sugar levels in the blood, our body itself produces a hormone called insulin. This insulin is produced by an organ called the pancreas. The functionality of pancreas is to convert the food we consume into fuel for the cells. This pancreas has two functions, namely exocrine function, it helps in the digestion of the food we consume, endocrine function, it helps for regulating the blood sugar in the body as the endocrine functionality is the main reason for the disease called diabetes. The endocrine part of the pancreas produces the hormones called insulin and glucagon, and these hormones are directly released into the bloodstream. The insulin is used to decrease the sugar levels in the blood. Glucagon hormone is used to raise the sugar levels in the blood. The proper level of blood sugar will play an essential role in the functionality of the main organs like the brain, liver, and kidneys.

Symptoms of Diabetes

Symptoms of diabetes are caused due to the rise of sugar levels in the blood. The general symptoms for diabetes are as follows :

• Increased hunger – they have a high appetite; they need to eat something very frequently like for every hour. If they don't eat anything, their sugar levels will be reduced. Also leads to unconsciousness.
• Increased thirst – they have to drink water or liquid items like lemon water etc. more frequently to avoid their thirstiness.
• Weight loss – suddenly they lose weight; this will be the primary sign for identifying that they got diabetes.
• Frequent urination – uncontrollable urination
• Blurry vision – loss of clarity in the vision, blurry vision is a primary sign, as they neglected it this blurry vision leads to loss of vision, in extreme cases.
• Extreme fatigue – it is a way of feeling like less energy, more tiredness, always feeling lazy etc.
• Sores don’t heal – if they got any injury, it takes more time to heal. Maybe sometimes it leads to cut off that injured part, due to the infection caused because of not healing the injury.

Causes of Diabetes

A healthy pancreas releases insulin and helps a person body store and use sugar from the food eaten. Diabetes happens when one or more of the following occurs :

• The Pancreas doesn't make any insulin.
• The pancreas makes very little insulin.
• The body doesn’t respond as it should to insulin

When there is not required volume of insulin, glucose cannot get into the cells. It increases in the bloodstream instead. This can lead to damage in many areas of the body. As the cells are not obtaining the glucose of required volume, they don't work as they should causing diabetes.

Other causes of Diabetes:

• Genetics
• Lifestyle: Which includes food habits, sleep timings, type of work, exercise for the body, mental stability, physical fitness, etc., maybe the reasons for some people who are suffering from diabetes.
• Overweight or obesity also lead to diabetes. Fats resist the effect of insulin on the sugar levels of blood.